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美国残疾人法案和医疗辅助治疗在惩戒机构
Pamela R Williamson1, Barry A Whaley1
1Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, USA.
概括
药物辅助治疗 (MAT) 对阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 有效,并根据美国残疾人法案 (ADA) 为监禁人员提供法律保护. 惩戒设施必须为正在康复的囚犯提供MAT.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 刑事司法 刑事司法 刑事司法
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 影响了美国绝大多数被监禁人口.
- "阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) "是惩戒机构中普遍存在且危及生命的疾病.
- 药物辅助治疗 (MAT) 是对OUD进行科学验证的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 检查"美国残疾人法案" (ADA) 对有关MAT访问的惩戒设施的应用.
- 突出MAT对OUD患者在癌症系统中的影响.
- 通知惩戒机构关于他们法律义务提供MAT.
主要方法:
- 对美国监狱中SUD流行情况的现有文献的审查.
- 关于国家和地方政府服务的ADA第II章的分析.
- 检查表明MAT对OUD恢复有效性的研究.
主要成果:
- MAT显著降低了50%的OUD死亡率,并改善了长期清醒率 (两年90%).
- 美国刑法 (ADA) 要求对惩戒政策进行合理的修改,以确保囚犯能够获得MAT.
- 未能提供MAT可能构成根据ADA的歧视.
结论:
- MAT是一种关键的,基于证据的OUD治疗方法,必须为被监禁的人提供.
- 根据ADA,惩教机构有法律义务为OUD的囚犯提供MAT.
- 在惩戒机构中实施MAT可以改善健康结果,并支持康复.
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