治疗局部晚期直肠癌的短期和长期放射治疗的病理结果,用全新辅助疗法治疗
Brian Williams1, Abhinav Gupta1, Priyanka Iype2
1Division of Colorectal Surgery, Keck Hospital of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
The American surgeon
|May 21, 2024
概括
使用短期放射治疗 (SCRT) 或长期放射治疗 (LCRT) 治疗局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 的全新辅助疗法 (TNT) 显示了类似的病理结果. 需要进一步的试验来确认SCRT对LARC患者的长期临床益处.
科学领域:
- 结肠直肠手术 结肠直肠手术
- 瘤外科手术 癌症外科手术
- 结直肠癌的治疗方法
背景情况:
- 总的新辅助疗法 (TNT) 是局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 的标准护理.
- 随机试验表明,短期放射治疗 (SCRT) 和长期放射治疗 (LCRT) 在癌症上对LARC相当.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较经过TNT后手术切除的LARC患者的病理结果.
- 在LARC的TNT协议中评估SCRT和LCRT之间的结果差异.
主要方法:
- 在一个单一的三级医院对53名LARC患者进行了TNT和分泌切除治疗的回顾性分析.
- 在淋巴结产量和下降阶段方面,接受SCRT的患者与接受LCRT的患者进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 平均淋巴结产量没有显著差异 (SCRT为20.9,LCRT为17.0,P=.075).
- 对于最初阳性节点的患者,TNT后实现pN0疾病的比率与SCRT的76.9%和LCRT的72.2%相似.
- 在SCRT (7.1%) 和LCRT (12.8%) 组 (P=5.65) 之间,病理完整反应率是可比的.
结论:
- 作为LARC的TNT的一部分,SCRT或LCRT后的病理结局似乎相似.
- 需要进一步的前性研究来评估长期的临床结果,并优化LARC的TNT协议.
相关概念视频
Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Tumor Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.


