分类和确定自闭症幼儿的首选兴趣
MaryKate Frisch1, Kirsty L Coulter1, Rebecca P Thomas1
1Department of Psychological Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
概括
父母报告的幼儿喜好是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的强有力的指标. 然而,兴趣的类型并不区分儿童早期的诊断群体.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 喜欢的兴趣是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的标志,父母经常在早期注意到.
- 关于幼儿期喜好兴趣的研究是有限的,尽管与神经类型的同龄人和发育迟缓的人相比,强度和类型的差异是有建议的.
- 虽然在典型的发育中很常见,但在没有诊断的儿童中,偏好的兴趣往往会随着年龄的增长而减少.
研究的目的:
- 调查诊断组,年龄,性别和认知能力是否预测家长对幼儿 (12-36个月) 偏好兴趣的报告.
- 探索诊断群体之间兴趣类型的潜在差异.
- 评估偏好的兴趣作为自闭症早期临床指标的有用性.
主要方法:
- 在12-36个月的儿童中,收集了父母关于他们喜欢的兴趣的报告.
- 参与者包括被诊断为自闭症,发育迟缓或没有诊断的幼儿.
- 统计分析检查了报告兴趣的预测因素以及各组兴趣类型的差异.
主要成果:
- 诊断组是父母是否报告了偏好的兴趣的一个重要预测因素.
- 年龄,性别和认知能力并不能预测报告偏好兴趣的可能性.
- 在诊断组报告的兴趣类型中没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 父母报告的偏好兴趣是幼儿自闭症的可靠早期指标.
- 喜欢的兴趣类型不是诊断自闭症的区分因素在这个年龄组.
- 这些发现支持使用偏好兴趣的存在来早期识别自闭症,但不是它们的具体性质.
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