在住院患者中戒烟的干预措施
Joanna M Streck1,2, Nancy A Rigotti2, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks3
1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (MA), USA.
住院患者的戒烟干预措施显著增加了戒烟率. 出院后的持续咨询和药物治疗对长期戒烟最有效.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床医学 临床医学
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 烟草使用仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,导致大量住院治疗.
- 住院患者提供了一个重要的机会,可以启动戒烟干预措施.
- 医院内有效的戒烟策略可以减少疾病并改善患者的治疗结果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和更新有关住院患者戒烟干预措施的证据.
- 为这一群体确定最有效的戒烟治疗方法.
- 评估在住院期间启动的各种行为和药理干预措施的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了广泛的Cochrane审查,包括随机和准随机研究.
- 包括从医院开始的干预措施,并在六个月或更长时间后评估禁欲.
- 采用标准的Cochrane方法进行数据收集,分析和证据确定性的GRADE评估.
主要成果:
- 高确定性证据表明,在医院开始的咨询,并在出院后继续持续,显著增加了戒烟率 (RR 1.36).
- 与安慰剂相比,尼古丁替代疗法 (NRT) 和瓦雷尼克林显示了中度至高确定性的有效性证据.
- 结合出院后的咨询和药物治疗,产生的戒烟率高于单独的住院咨询 (RR 1.23).
结论:
- 戒烟咨询,特别是当延长到医院出院后,是非常有效的.
- 像NRT和瓦伦尼克林这样的药物治疗对住院吸烟者有益.
- 持续的退院后支持,结合咨询和药物治疗,对于成功的长期戒烟至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:39Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
Published on: August 28, 2017
09:15Studying Effects of Cigarette Smoke on Pseudomonas Infection in Lung Epithelial Cells
Published on: May 11, 2020
相关概念视频
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
Smoking Cessation
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management
Assessment
Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
Pneumonia IV: Management
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions
