从埃塞俄比亚的成功中学习,通过卫生系统镜头减少孕产妇和新生儿死亡率
Dessalegn Y Melesse1,2, Ashenif Tadele3, Shegaw Mulu4
1Countdown to 2030 for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health, Institute for Global Public Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada dessalegn.melesse@umanitoba.ca.
BMJ global health
|May 21, 2024
概括
埃塞俄比亚通过加强其卫生系统,特别是在2010年之后,显著减少了孕产妇和新生儿死亡率. 这一进展为其他低收入国家提供了宝贵的教训,旨在改善母亲和新生儿健康 (MNH).
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 埃塞俄比亚的孕产妇和新生儿死亡率下降在七个国家的孕产妇和新生儿健康 (MNH) 实例计划中进行了研究.
- 专注于了解推动埃塞俄比亚死亡率减少的关键特征.
研究的目的:
- 通过全球死亡率过渡模型分析埃塞俄比亚的进展情况.
- 评估卫生系统变化 (治理,融资,劳动力,基础设施) 从2000年至2020年影响MNH.
- 评估死亡率,服务覆盖率和卫生系统的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 综合了2000年,2010年和2020年的关键指标,并将它们与全球过渡模型进行了比较.
- 审查了卫生系统在治理,融资,劳动力和基础设施方面的发展.
- 分析了来自国家调查,设施评估,全球估计和政府报告的数据.
主要成果:
- 埃塞俄比亚已进入死亡率转型的第三阶段,显示生育率下降和卫生系统加强,特别是在基础设施和劳动力方面.
- 2010年后,产妇和新生儿死亡率的下降加速,随着干预覆盖率的增加,尽管覆盖率和融资仍然低于典型的过渡水平.
- 大多数地区都取得了进展,但区域差异仍然存在;由政府领导的系统优先考虑孕产妇,然后是新生儿健康,促进服务获取和需求.
结论:
- 埃塞俄比亚实现了死亡率的快速下降,干预覆盖率大幅增加,特别是在2010年之后.
- 该国的综合性方法,从基础设施薄弱开始,为低收入国家提供了宝贵的教训.
- 为了进一步降低死亡率和推进过渡期,需要对包括紧急护理在内的干预措施进行普遍覆盖.
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