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对于帕金森病的机器学习模型:系统审查
Thasina Tabashum1, Robert Cooper Snyder1, Megan K O'Brien2,3
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
JMIR medical informatics
|May 21, 2024
概括
机器学习 (ML) 对帕金森病 (PD) 检测有希望,但许多研究缺乏严格的方法. 这次审查发现ML模型验证和报告存在重大局限性,阻碍了PD的实际临床采用.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
背景情况:
- 由于数据可用性和先进的工具,机器学习 (ML) 越来越多地应用于帕金森病 (PD) 检测和预测.
- 尽管有大量的研究,但很少有PD的ML系统在临床实践中被采用,通常是由于缺乏外部有效性.
- 在ML设计和报告中的方法问题进一步阻碍了数据驱动PD解决方案的临床整合.
研究的目的:
- 在帕金森病 (PD) 研究中系统地审查当前的机器学习 (ML) 实践.
- 评估用于PD诊断和进展跟踪的ML应用程序的方法和报告标准.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行了一次系统的文献审查.
- 在PubMed数据库中搜索了2020年1月至2021年4月期间发表的研究,使用与帕金森病和ML相关的特定关键字.
- 分析包括了113篇利用ML进行PD分类或预测的出版物.
主要成果:
- 只有65.5%的研究使用了持久测试组来验证ML模型的准确性.
- 有相当多的研究 (38.9%) 没有报告模型调整程序,其中27.4%使用了次优适时调整.
- 只有15%的研究报告了直接模型比较,这限制了结果的解释性.
结论:
- 目前对帕金森病的ML研究表现出显著的方法限制.
- 不一致的验证和报告实践导致研究结果与现实世界的临床适用性之间的绩效差距.
- 解决这些局限性对于在PD检测和预测中成功采用ML至关重要.
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