传播性结核病:在第三级护理中心的6年病例系列经验
1Department of Chest Diseases, Zonguldak Atatürk State Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
International journal of mycobacteriology
|May 21, 2024
概括
这项研究分析了55名传播性结核病 (dTB) 患者,揭示了常见的肺外部部位,如骨系统和中枢神经系统. 还观察到药物耐药性,包括多药性耐药性,这凸显了对dTB提高临床认识的需要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 传播性结核病 (dTB) 是全球卫生面临的重大挑战,导致大量的发病率和死亡率.
- 提高临床意识和详细的病例描述对于改善dTB管理至关重要.
- 这项研究的重点是了解dTB患者的临床和微生物特征.
研究的目的:
- 记录和分析被诊断患有传播性结核病 (dTB) 的患者的临床特征.
- 调查dTB病例中的微生物特征,包括耐药性模式.
- 为了确定与传播性结核病有关的常见的肺外部部位.
主要方法:
- 在2017年至2023年期间在第三级转诊医院诊断的55名dTB患者的回顾性评估.
- 数据收集包括患者人口统计,诊断方法,放射学发现 (胸部X射线),涉及的肺外部部位,治疗方案和不良反应.
- 评估了抗结核病药物耐药性,包括对异化 (INH),皮拉津胺胺,乙胺醇和链杆菌素的耐药性.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括55名患者 (52.7%是男性),平均年龄为41岁.
- 涉及的最常见的肺外部部位是骨系统 (24 位患者),中枢神经系统 (7 位患者) 和生殖泌尿道 (7 位患者).
- 观察到药物耐药性,包括四名患者的异化物耐药性,一名患者的皮拉津胺单抗性,两名患者的多药耐药性,以及三名患者的前广泛耐药结核病.
结论:
- 来自高结核病 (TB) 负担的国家的移民是发展dTB的重要风险因素.
- 糖尿病,人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 和风湿性关节炎等影响免疫系统的并发症与增加dTB风险有关.
- 这些发现强调了在诊断和管理dTB时考虑迁移史和免疫损害条件的重要性.
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