意识地错过了自己:诱导的正念会导致贫穷的自我调节者之间的疏远
Niyati Thakur1, Nicola Baumann1
1Department of Differential Psychology, Personality Psychology and Diagnostics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
PloS one
|May 21, 2024
概括
正念可以通过减少自我连接来疏远自我调节 (面向状态) 较低的个体. 这种效应没有在那些具有高自我调节 (以行动为导向) 的患者中观察到,这表明正念的好处因个体差异而有所不同.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 正念是广泛实践的自我连接.
- 新出现的证据表明,正念可能并不普遍有利于所有个人.
- 影响调节的个体差异可能会缓和正念对自我的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否正念促进低影响自我调节 (面向状态) 的个体的自我疏离.
- 检查这种影响是否在以国家为导向和以行动为导向的个人之间有所不同.
- 测试正念阻碍弱势个体获得个人偏好和内在目标的假设.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项研究,参与者主要是对正念的新手.
- 参与者被分配到五分钟的正念练习或五分钟的文字阅读控制组.
- 自我疏远是通过偏好判断和目标采用 (内在与外部) 的一致性来衡量的.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,正念显著降低了以状态为导向的参与者的偏好判断一致性 (研究1).
- 在正念小组中,以状态为导向的个体,比外部目标更倾向于采用内在目标 (研究2).
- 在面向行动的参与者中,没有发现正念的这种疏离效应.
结论:
- 正念练习可能会导致心理脆弱的个体自我疏远,特别是那些以国家为导向的影响调节的人.
- 这些发现表明,正念可以损害某些个人的个人偏好和内在动机.
- 结果与人格-系统-相互作用 (PSI) 理论一致,突出了心理干预中个体差异的重要性.
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