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使用从发病率和死亡率数据库中获得的预期健康估计来衡量人口健康
Marc Carreras1,2, Pere Ibern3,2, José María Inoriza4,2
1Serra Hunter Fellow, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
PloS one
|May 21, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一种新方法,利用发病率和死亡率数据计算健康预期寿命,绕过了健康调查的需要. 研究结果显示,与传统方法相比,健康预期寿命显著降低,为健康规划提供了数据驱动的方法.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 健康规划越来越需要生活质量指标,特别是随着人口老龄化.
- 国家卫生计划经常使用沙利文方法来预期健康,依赖于健康调查.
- 需要使用发病率和死亡率数据进行替代估计.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用现有的发病率和死亡率数据集,调查对健康预期的同等估计.
- 将结果与传统的沙利文方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用了2016-2017年巴伊克斯恩波达县 (N=91,130) 的死亡率和发病率数据.
- 分类匿名的个人临床记录 (诊断,程序,药房消费) 进入健康状态.
- 采用多态微模拟模型,根据观察到的转变和死亡率,根据健康状况推导出预期寿命.
主要成果:
- 计算出女性和男性出生时和65岁的健康预期寿命 (HLE0女性=39.94,HLE0男性=42.87,HLE65女性=2.43,HLE65男性=2.17).
- 结果显示,健康预期寿命远低于沙利文方法等效 (例如,HLE65女性的预期寿命减少了8.25年).
- 全球预期寿命的点估计为LE0女性=85.82,LE0男性=80.58,LE65女性=22.31,LE65男性=18.86,与政府报告一致.
结论:
- 通过使用死亡率和发病率数据的多州模型,可以有效地获得健康指标,而无需进行健康调查.
- 这种替代方法在健康规划中为人口监测提供了有价值的工具.
- 由于基于数据的健康概念与沙利文方法中的自我感知相比,多状态微观模拟产生了较低的健康寿命.
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