无家可归者与使用物质障碍者之间的过度死亡率:瑞典队列研究
Sophie Nadia Gaber1,2,3, Johan Franck4, Härje Widing4
1Department of Healthcare Sciences, Marie Cederschiöld högskola-Campus Ersta, Stockholm, Sweden sophie.gaber@kbh.uu.se.
Journal of epidemiology and community health
|May 21, 2024
概括
无家可归显著增加了物质使用障碍 (SUD) 患者的死亡风险. 当考虑到药物使用和治疗史等特定因素时,这种风险会降低.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 经历无家可归的人面临着使用物质障碍 (SUD) 和不良健康结果的高风险.
- 无家可归是健康的关键社会决定因素,加剧了SUDs的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查SUD患者无家可归与死亡风险之间的关联.
- 要根据关键因素进行调整,包括年龄,性别,特定药物使用 (麻醉剂,静脉注射) 和住院SUD护理史.
主要方法:
- 一项使用瑞典国家成护理质量登记处在斯德哥尔摩地区数据的队列研究.
- 分析包括8397名SUD患者,按住房状况分类:无家可归,不稳定的住房和稳定的住房.
- 考克斯回归模型用于计算危险比率 (HR) 和95%信心区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 与稳定的住房相比,无家可归者 (HR 2.30) 和不稳定的住房 (HR 1.23) 的死亡率明显高.
- 在调整了麻醉品使用,静脉注射药物使用和住院SUD护理后,无家可归和死亡率之间的关联下降了 (HR 1.27).
- 标准化死亡率 (SMR) 显示,无家可归的SUD患者的死亡率比一般人群高13.6倍.
结论:
- 无家可归是SUD患者死亡率增加的重要独立风险因素.
- 虽然调整后的分析显示风险降低,但有针对性的干预措施至关重要,以减轻这个脆弱人群的过度死亡率.
- 解决住房不稳定和全面的SUD治疗是公共卫生方面的重要优先事项.
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