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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

342
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
342
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

793
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
793
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

1.6K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.6K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

205
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
205
Language Development01:22

Language Development

357
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
357
Perception01:28

Perception

450
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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他们知道这是圣诞节吗? 词汇知识直接影响语音感知

Sahil Luthra1, Anne Marie Crinnion2, David Saltzman2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.

Cognitive science
|May 22, 2024
PubMed
概括

词汇知识影响语音感知,支持交互式认知模型. 这项研究驳斥了反驳的论点,加强了上下反在处理中的作用.

关键词:
计算模型 计算模型有关反的意见反.语言 语言 语言 语言语音感知 语音感知上下效应是自上而下的效应.

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Comparing the Frequency Effect Between the Lexical Decision and Naming Tasks in Chinese
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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 语音感知 语音感知

背景情况:

  • 词汇介导的协同发音补偿 (LCfC) 证明了词语知识如何影响早期的语音处理.
  • LCfC证据支持互动性认知模型,具有自上而下的反循环.
  • 自主模型,只允许料前期加工,受到LCfC发现的挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 针对麦奎恩,杰西和米特勒 (2023) 提出的关于解释LCfC证据的反论点.
  • 为了重申上下反在认知处理中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 该研究涉及对五个具体的反论点作出批判性回应.
  • 对LCfC现有经验数据的分析.

主要成果:

  • 作者反驳了所提出的反论点.
  • 对LCfC的证据仍然强大,并支持交互式模型.

结论:

  • 上下反是对语音感知中观察到的数据最节的解释.
  • 结合反循环的交互式认知模型比严格的前模型得到更好的支持.