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上面的桃还是真正的需要? 在移植中对可解释的机器学习进行审查
Alvaro Assis de Souza1, Andrew P Stubbs2, Dennis A Hesselink1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands .
Transplantation
|May 22, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 为移植结果提供了洞察力. 解释这些"黑子"模型对于临床信任和监管合规性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 腎科和移植醫學 腎科和移植醫學
- 医疗人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML)
背景情况:
- 固体器官移植研究广泛使用AI/ML的医疗数据进行诊断和预后.
- 人工智能/ML模型的"黑盒子"性质阻碍了临床翻译,尽管它们与传统方法相比具有潜在价值.
- 可解释性技术旨在提高透明度,建立信任,并促进医疗保健中人工智能的监管合规性.
研究的目的:
- 审查"黑子"AI/ML模型在移植中的应用和可解释性.
- 讨论在这个领域解释生物发现和临床实施的ML模型的必要性.
- 探索人工智能/ML工具在移植中的未来研究方向.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于AI/ML模型在移植中的使用和解释.
- 对预测结果的研究进行分析,例如异种移植排斥,移植功能延迟和移植失败.
- 讨论模型可解释性在临床决策和监管遵守中的作用.
主要成果:
- 人工智能/ML模型越来越多地用于诊断和预测移植中的关键结果.
- 这些模型的可解释性是它们在临床实践中的采用和监管批准的关键因素.
- 关于在多大程度上需要解释生物发现与临床实用性的模型,目前还在进行辩论.
结论:
- 可解释的AI/ML通过培养信任和使临床整合成为可能,为推进脏移植护理提供了重大前景.
- 需要进一步的研究,以平衡模型性能与可解释性,以便有效的临床实施.
- 解决"黑盒子"的挑战对于实现AI/ML在移植医学中的全部潜力至关重要.
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