同时,青少年生育率下降和饮酒狂欢? 这是一项跨越45个国家的观察性研究
Torleif Halkjelsvik1,2, Vegard Fykse Skirbekk3,4
1Department of Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Drug and alcohol review
|May 22, 2024
概括
青少年过度饮酒与青少年生育率的联系很弱. 当考虑特定国家的趋势时,这种联系会减弱,这表明更广泛的社会因素更具影响力.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 饮酒与青少年意外怀孕有关.
- 青少年饮酒对生育率的更广泛影响尚不清楚.
- 这项研究调查了青少年饮酒滥用和青少年出生率之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查青少年饮酒和青少年生育率之间的联系.
- 为了确定饮酒过度是否是青少年出生趋势的重要决定因素.
- 探索影响这种关系的潜在混因素.
主要方法:
- 在"学龄儿童健康行为" (HBSC) 研究中利用了超过137,000名女性 (年龄15-16岁) 的数据,并在"欧洲酒精和其他药物调查项目" (ESPAD) 研究中利用了超过267,000名女性的数据.
- 从人类生育数据库和世卫组织分析了特定年龄的生育率.
- 研究了随着时间的推移,在43至41个国家内和跨国范围内,过度饮酒水平和生育率的变化.
主要成果:
- 在饮酒过度和生育率之间发现了统计学意义上的关联 (B=0.019).
- 当考虑国家特定的时间趋势 (B=0.006) 时,这种关联显著下降 (B=0.006).
- 堕胎率和避孕药的使用并没有显著缓解观察到的关系.
结论:
- 青少年过度饮酒与生育率之间的关联是微弱的,并且随着纳入国家特定的时间趋势而减少.
- 调查结果表明,更广泛的世俗趋势,而不是过度饮酒,更有可能导致最近青少年生育率的变化.
- 虽然过度饮酒可能在青少年怀孕的个案中起作用,但它不能解释青少年分娩的整体趋势.
相关概念视频
01:50Cross-Sectional Research
11.3K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.3K
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
01:52Regression Toward the Mean
6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
01:11Observational Studies
8.5K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.5K
01:26Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
28
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
28
01:22Applications of Life Tables
59
Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
59