一个皮肤印记和它对表皮的进化起源的影响
Sebastian Voigt1, Gabriela Calábková2, Izabela Ploch3
1Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP , Burgstr. 19, Thallichtenberg 66871, Germany.
Biology letters
|May 22, 2024
概括
新的化石证据揭示了早期波斯纪四足动物的角,这表明表皮可能在脊椎动物进化过程中比以前认为的更早.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 脊椎动物的进化 脊椎动物的进化
- 整合文档结构 整合文档结构
背景情况:
- 角质皮肤附属物在羊动物和一些两动物中被发现,这引发了关于它们的进化起源的问题.
- 表皮的进化历史由于缺乏化石证据,特别是来自古老生态时期的虫的化石证据,不清楚.
- 之前的研究没有提供关于这些结构起源的古生物学数据.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究早期四足动物中角状皮肤附属物的进化起源.
- 提供关于早期胚胎亲属中的存在的新古生物学数据.
- 为了重新评估外皮的进化历史在 anamniotes 和它们的关系到amniotes.
主要方法:
- 对一个新发现的来自波兰早期波斯河时期的石化石样本的分析.
- 检查与部分状身体印记相关的单种四足动物足迹.
- 与现有的化石皮肤印记进行比较,包括德国早期珀米亚河时期的勒波桑迪尔干羊.
主要成果:
- 归因于二甲虫的石化石标本提供了第一个全球证据,证明四足动物在羊动物起源附近有角的证据.
- 这一发现表明,在早期的波斯河四足动物中存在复杂的表皮结构.
- 对其他化石皮肤印记的考虑表明,表皮可能在动物中具有更深的进化根源.
结论:
- 早期珀姆纪二甲虫中角状的存在挑战了关于胎儿皮肤附属物进化的时间的先前假设.
- 皮表的起源可能比以前理解的更为古老.
- 这一发现需要重新评估早期脊椎动物多样化的皮肤附属物的进化轨迹.
相关概念视频
01:11Papillary Dermis
2.8K
Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
2.8K
01:12Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells
2.5K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.5K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.7K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.7K
01:16Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles
2.2K
Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
2.2K
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.7K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.7K
01:25Introduction to the Integumentary System
8.1K
The integumentary system is the organ system that comprises the skin and its associated structures. It is the largest system in the human body and plays a crucial role in protecting and maintaining homeostasis. The integumentary system serves several functions including protection, regulation, sensation, and secretion.
The skin, which is the primary organ of the integumentary system, consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue). The epidermis is the...
The skin, which is the primary organ of the integumentary system, consists of three main layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue). The epidermis is the...
8.1K