学习能力,以解决金鱼的倾斜翻译模两可
Shin Tadokoro1,2,3, Yusuke Shinji4, Toshimi Yamanaka1
1Department of Robotic Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan.
Frontiers in neurology
|May 22, 2024
概括
金鱼学会使用视觉线索来区分头部倾斜和翻译,解决空间定向的模两可. 这种体验增强了他们的前庭眼镜反射 (VOR),以准确地解释运动.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 感官系统生物学 生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 空间定向依赖于整合前体,视觉和自感输入.
- 前置系统的耳壁面临着倾斜翻译的模糊性,将线性运动与引力倾斜混为一谈.
- 假设以往的运动经验可以解决这种模两可,但缺乏经验证据.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究动物的运动体验如何影响其对倾斜与翻译的解释.
- 检查前庭眼镜反射 (VOR) 作为金鱼三维头部运动估计的测量.
主要方法:
- 用金鱼进行行为实验.
- 对前庭眼反射 (VOR) 的测量.
- 用视觉翻译刺激来训练金鱼.
- 使用卡尔曼波器进行计算建模.
主要成果:
- 纯粹的金鱼VOR无法在0.5赫兹时区分倾斜和翻译.
- 在视觉翻译训练后,金鱼的VOR在3小时内就能区分倾斜和翻译.
- 卡尔曼波器模型复制了这些发现,结合了累积的运动经验.
结论:
- 运动体验,特别是视觉翻译刺激,可以解决倾斜翻译模两可.
- 这项研究为经验依赖的空间导向提供了经验支持.
- 研究结果表明,神经机制可以解决模糊性,类似于交叉轴VOR适应.
相关概念视频
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:07Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:07Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
01:31Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...