生殖因素和甲状腺癌风险:多民族队列研究
Janine V Abe1, Song-Yi Park1, Christopher A Haiman2
1Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA.
Journal of women's health (2002)
|May 22, 2024
概括
手术性更年期,包括卵巢切除和子宫切除,显著增加乳头甲状腺癌的风险. 然而,在20岁之前第一次活产可能会降低女性的这种风险.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 与男性相比,女性甲状腺癌的发病率明显高.
- 生殖和荷尔蒙因素被怀疑是导致甲状腺癌风险的因素.
- 以前的研究已经探索了初潮,平价和更年期等因素与甲状腺癌之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 调查生殖和荷尔蒙因素与乳头甲状腺癌风险之间的关联.
- 在多民族人口中检查这些协会.
- 确认或反驳之前报告的不同种族群体的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自多民族队列研究的118,344名女性参与者的队列.
- 数据与癌症发病率和死亡证明记录相关联,以确定373例乳头甲状腺癌病例.
- 多变量Cox比例危险模型评估了诸如初潮时的年龄,平价,避孕药的使用和更年期状态等因素的相对风险 (RR),并对共变量进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 卵巢切除术 (RR 1.58),子宫切除术 (RR 1.65),和手术更年期 (RR 1.55) 与统计学上显著增加的乳头甲状腺癌风险有关.
- 在20岁或更年轻时进行首次活产与与无产率相比的风险降低有关 (RR 0.66).
- 这些关联在不同种族和种族群体中是一致的.
结论:
- 手术性更年期和子宫切除术是乳头甲状腺癌的重要危险因素.
- 早期的第一个活产可能会对乳头甲状腺癌产生保护作用.
- 这些发现验证了先前在不同人群中发现的乳头甲状腺癌的生殖风险因素.
相关概念视频
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
4.5K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
4.5K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones
2.7K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.7K
The Thyroid Gland
3.8K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
3.8K
Nondisjunction
3.8K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
3.8K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.5K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.5K
Spermatogenesis
102.4K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
102.4K


