大麻使用与精神疾病风险的年龄相关联
André J McDonald1,2,3,4,5, Paul Kurdyak2,6,7,8, Jürgen Rehm1,2,6,8,9,10,11,12
1Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychological medicine
|May 22, 2024
概括
青少年大麻使用强烈预测精神疾病,在年轻成年期没有看到的风险. 这种依赖年龄的联系可能反映了随着时间的推移大麻功效的增加.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和心理健康 精神病学和心理健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 流行病学研究将年轻人使用大麻与精神疾病联系起来.
- 以前的证据受到依赖较旧的数据的限制,这些数据涉及较低强度的大麻.
- 当代大麻的功效明显高于20世纪.
研究的目的:
- 调查大麻使用与当代青年精神疾病之间的关联.
- 检查青春期和年轻成年期的特定年龄风险.
- 评估现代大麻对精神疾病风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大安大略省,将基于人口的调查数据 (2009-2012) 与医疗记录连接到2018年.
- 包括11,363个在基线时12-24岁的个人,没有先前的精神病障碍.
- 分析了与精神病相关的首次住院,急救诊所或门诊诊所的时间,使用青少年和年轻成年人的特定年龄危险比率.
主要成果:
- 大麻使用与青春期 (aHR=11.2) 的精神疾病有显著的关联,但与年轻成人 (aHR=1.3) 的精神疾病没有关联.
- 将结果限制在住院和急救诊所的访问中,放大了青少年的关联 (aHR=26.7),但对年轻人的关联 (aHR=1.8) 的影响很小.
- 研究结果表明,大麻使用与精神疾病之间存在强烈的,年龄相关的联系,特别是在青春期.
结论:
- 青春期代表了大麻使用对于精神病障碍风险的脆弱时期.
- 在青少年中观察到的强烈关联可能受到现代大麻产品强度增加的影响.
- 结果支持神经发育理论,并强调需要更新关于青少年大麻消费的公共卫生指南.
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