人工智能聊天机器人在解读病理学报告中的使用
Eric Steimetz1, Jeremy Minkowitz1, Elmer C Gabutan1
1Department of Pathology, SUNY (State University of New York) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn.
JAMA network open
|May 22, 2024
概括
人工智能聊天机器人可以简化患者的复杂病理报告,显著提高可读性. 虽然通常是准确的,临床医生应该审查简化的报告,以确保准确性和防止潜在的错误.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 病理学传播传播的方法
背景情况:
- 解剖病理学报告包含关键的诊断信息,但往往太复杂,患者无法理解.
- 目前在线访问测试结果并不能保证患者的理解.
- 人工智能 (AI) 聊天机器人为简化这些复杂的医疗文件提供了潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估大型语言模型 (LLM) 聊天机器人在向患者解释病理报告时的准确性.
- 评估AI聊天机器人对病理学报告可读性的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了来自多专业医院的1134份病理报告.
- 两个LLM聊天机器人 (Bard和GPT-4) 被要求简化报告并识别关键信息.
- 阅读度得分进行了比较,专家病理学家审查了医疗准确性和幻觉的反应.
主要成果:
- 这两种聊天机器人都显著提高了报告的可读性 (Flesch-Kincaid等级水平下降,Flesch阅读易度得分增加).
- 与Bard (聊天机器人1: 87.57%正确,2.82%幻觉) 相比,GPT-4 (聊天机器人2) 的准确性更高 (97.44%正确),幻觉更少 (0.26%).
- 尽管准确度很高,但一些报告由于轻微的不准确性或幻觉而需要临床医生的审查.
结论:
- 人工智能聊天机器人可以有效地简化复杂的病理报告,提高患者的理解.
- 士学位的表现各不相同,GPT-4在本研究中显示出更高的准确性和更少的错误.
- 在患者传播之前,临床监督对于审查人工智能生成的简化报告至关重要.
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