植被结构多样性的作用在调节人为改造的热带生态系统的微气候
Jonathan Terschanski1, Matheus Henrique Nunes2, Iris Aalto3
1Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Regina-Pacis-Weg 3, 53113, Bonn, Germany; Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100, Helsinki, Finland.
Journal of environmental management
|May 22, 2024
概括
森林结构,特别是垂直的多样性和分层,显著降低了底层温度,提高了热稳定性. 保护植被结构多样性对于减轻热带山区生态系统气候变化影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 植被通过蒸发,透气和阴影来稳定微气候,创造与空气测量的温度差异.
- 森林可以作为与气候变化引起的热压力作斗争的树种的避难所.
- 3D植被结构对地下微气候的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究3D植被结构与地下微气候调节之间的关系.
- 量化结构多样性,树冠覆盖和分层对温度范围和偏移的影响.
- 确定有助于热带山区底层热稳定的关键结构元素.
主要方法:
- 利用地面激光扫描来捕捉高分辨率的3D植被结构.
- 从voxelized激光扫描点云中参数化的植被结构.
- 分析了肯尼亚17个热带山区的结构参数,空气/土壤温度范围和温度偏移之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 垂直多样性和分层是下层树木温度范围 (30-40%) 的更强有力的预测因素,而不是树冠覆盖或平均支架高度.
- 分层,树冠覆盖和高度共同解释了下层空气温度范围的变化超过一半 (53%).
- 结构多样性,特别是分层,与较低的白天最高温度和更高的热稳定性有关.
结论:
- 垂直植被结构在调节地下微气候和增强热稳定性方面发挥着关键作用.
- 保护结构多样性的管理实践,如农林系统,对于减轻土地利用变化的热影响至关重要.
- 为了保持热带生态系统的微气候弹性,建议保留不均年龄的树木和混合物种群.
相关概念视频
02:26Ecological Disturbance
17.1K
An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
17.1K
02:16Light Acquisition
8.4K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.4K
02:22Introduction to Plant Diversity
44.6K
From Water to Land
44.6K
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.5K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.5K
01:24Biodiversity and Human Values
13.0K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
13.0K