一个新的功能获取酸化部位调节PTPN22抑制TCR信号传递
Chuling Zhuang1, Shen Yang2, Carlos G Gonzalez3
1Department of Medicine, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
The Journal of biological chemistry
|May 22, 2024
概括
蛋白质氨酸酸酶非受体类型22 (PTPN22) 上的一个新型酸化位点增强了其T细胞受体 (TCR) 抑制活性. 这一发现为TCR信号调节和对自身免疫和癌症的潜在治疗策略提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 蛋白氨酸酸酶非受体类型22 (PTPN22) 是T细胞受体 (TCR) 信号的关键调节者,也是癌症免疫治疗的目标.
- PTPN22的翻译后调节,特别是其酸化,仍然在很大程度上没有特征.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述PTPN22 (Ser325) 上的一个新型酸化位点,并阐明其在调节PTPN22功能中的作用.
- 研究Ser325酸化对TCR信号传递,下游转录活性和蛋白质相互作用的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用光质谱法识别酸化位点.
- 使用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑和位点定向突变发生 (谷氨酸替代) 的功能性表征.
- 使用下一代测序分析下游转录活动和基因表达的分析.
- 使用交换质谱和NMR光谱学的结构和机制研究.
主要成果:
- 在TCR刺激时由糖原合成酶激酶-3 (GSK3) 介导的Ser325酸化增强了PTPN22的TCR抑制活性.
- 通过CRISPR/Cas9抑制Ser325酸化增强了TCR信号传递,而模仿酸化则抑制了它.
- 酸化Ser325通过影响特定蛋白质复合物的结合而改变下游的转录活性,并差异调节化学和T细胞激活通路.
- 试管体内动力学数据表明,PTPN22活性存在上下文依赖的调制.
结论:
- 该研究确定并功能性地描述了Ser325酸化作为PTPN22的关键调节机制.
- 这一新型的调节部位显著影响TCR信号传递,为自身免疫性疾病和癌症免疫治疗提供了潜在的治疗途径.
- 这些发现提供了机制性见解,可以指导针对PTPN22的全调节器的开发.
相关概念视频
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
8.5K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.5K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.5K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.5K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
8.8K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
8.8K
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
12.7K
Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
12.7K
Phosphorylation
50.3K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
50.3K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
13.1K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.1K


