生物多样性丧失减少了全球陆地碳储存
Sarah R Weiskopf1,2, Forest Isbell3, Maria Isabel Arce-Plata4
1U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science Center, Reston, VA, USA. sweiskopf@usgs.gov.
Nature communications
|May 22, 2024
概括
生物多样性丧失显著影响生态系统中的碳储存. 保护植物多样性对于缓解气候变化和加强碳捕获至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 自然生态系统是重要的碳汇,与生物多样性相关的碳捕集潜力.
- 当前的碳捕获模型往往忽视了生物多样性的关键作用.
- 了解生物多样性对碳储存的影响对于准确的气候变化预测至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估植物生物多样性丧失对各种气候和土地利用变化情景下的碳储存的影响.
- 量化因预计植物丰富度下降而导致的潜在碳损失.
- 探索气候变化,生物多样性丧失和碳排放之间的反循环.
主要方法:
- 将预测血管植物丰度变化的宏观生态模型与生物多样性-生物质关系的实证数据联系起来.
- 分析了不同气候和土地利用变化场景中的影响.
- 量化潜在的全球碳损失,表示为碳的五公克 (PgC).
主要成果:
- 生物多样性下降可能导致全球碳损失大幅度,从7.44-103.14 PgC (可持续性情景) 到10.87-145.95 PgC (化石燃料情景).
- 确定了一个自我强化的反循环:气候变化增加导致生物多样性丧失,加剧碳排放和进一步气候变化.
- 证明了生物多样性的保护和恢复可以帮助缓解气候变化.
结论:
- 植物生物多样性丧失对生态系统的碳储存能力构成重大威胁.
- 保护和恢复生物多样性是缓解气候变化的重要策略.
- 将生物多样性纳入气候模型对于准确的未来碳捕获预测至关重要.
相关概念视频
Threats to Biodiversity
22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K
The Carbon Cycle
37.3K
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
37.3K
What is Conservation Biology?
18.4K
Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the human population. Humans require properly functioning ecosystems to maintain our supply of natural resources, including food, medicines, and building materials.
18.4K
Global Climate Change
24.3K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.3K
Habitat Fragmentation
17.5K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.5K
What is Biodiversity?
27.3K
Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
27.3K


