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在口腔疾病中基于人工智能的软件的创新:临床-病原学相关性诊断准确性初级研究

Shaimaa O Zayed^1,2, Rawan Y M Abd-Rabou³, Gomana M Abdelhameed⁴

¹Department of Oral maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

BMC oral health

|May 22, 2024

概括

这项研究开发了用于诊断口腔疾病的AI驱动软件,实现了与口腔病理学家相比的诊断率. 诊断口腔疾病软件 (DODS) 显示出作为诊断辅助工具的高可靠性和准确性.

科学领域:

口腔病理学口腔病理学
医疗信息学医学信息学
医学中的人工智能

背景情况:

机器学习 (ML) 和人工智能 (AI) 为口腔疾病提供了先进的诊断能力,包括潜在的恶性病变和口腔癌.
人工智能可以识别人眼无法察觉的微妙特征,有助于复杂的诊断场景.

研究的目的:

开发一款利用人工智能的计算机辅助软件程序,用于准确诊断口腔疾病.
评估基于人工智能的软件在诊断口腔疾病中的有效性,使用临床和组织病理学数据.

主要方法:

编制了一个数据集,包括28种口腔疾病的临床图像,患者症状,放射图像,组织病理图像和文本.
人工智能程序在2800张图像上进行了训练,并在100张图像上进行了测试,另外100个案例用于准确性,灵敏性和特异性计算.

主要成果:

诊断口腔疾病软件 (DODS) 在软件用户中实现了87%的正确诊断率,在显微镜用户中达到90.6%,在混合方法中达到95%.
观察者之间的可靠性值 (克朗巴赫α和类间相关系数) 高,特别是DODS (0.934),表明良好的一致性.
虽然DODS表现出高可靠性,但其整体准确性,敏感性和特异性低于经验丰富的口腔病理学家.

结论:

该DODS计划证明了正确的诊断率相当于口腔病理学家的标准显微镜检查.
基于人工智能的软件显示出作为口腔疾病可靠和准确的诊断指导工具的潜力.

关键词:

人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.深度学习是一种深度学习.口腔疾病是一种口腔疾病.

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