基因组选择对养猪目标的预测好处
Md Sharif-Islam1, Julius H J van der Werf2, Benjamin J Wood3
1AGBU, a Joint Venture of NSW Department of Primary Industries, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
概括
在养猪中,基因组选择 (GS) 与传统方法相比,显著提高了整体遗传收益. 有有限数据或遗传能力低的特征,如母猪的寿命长度,显示GS带来了最大的改善.
科学领域:
- 动物育种与遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
背景情况:
- 传统的育种计划在实现最佳遗传收益方面存在局限性.
- 基因组选择 (GS) 通过将基因组信息纳入育种决策,提供了潜在的进步.
研究的目的:
- 与传统方法相比,在养猪计划中通过基因组选择 (GS) 实现的额外遗传收益的评估.
- 评估基准种群大小对GS有效性的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个确定性模拟模型被用来预测遗传收益.
- 用基因组信息和没有基因组信息的场景进行了比较.
- 选择精度和每轮选择预测的遗传收益被评估为 sire 和母线.
主要成果:
- 在GS情景下,总体繁殖目标响应在母线中增加了9-56%,在父线中增加了3.5-27%.
- 具有有限的表型数据或低遗传性的特征 (例如,母猪寿命, litter 尺寸,生存率,肉质) 显示出最大的额外收益.
- 易于测量的特征 (例如,背部脂肪,平均每日增益) 与传统育种相比,GS的增益较小.
结论:
- 基因组选择提高了养猪目标的整体遗传收益.
- GS的有效性受参考群体的大小的影响.
- 对于难以测量或遗传性较低的特征,GS提供了实质性的好处,尽管在容易测量的特征上有权衡.
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