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精神分裂症中神经补偿现象,在工作记忆任务中出现轻微的注意力缺陷

Feiwen Wang¹, Zhening Liu¹, Jun Yang¹

¹Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.

Asian journal of psychiatry

|May 23, 2024

概括

精神分裂症患者表现出大脑连接的改变,特别是在补充前区域 (SMA前),影响工作记忆 (WM) 和注意力. 轻微的注意力缺陷可能涉及SMA前的补偿机制,以改善WM的表现.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知心理学认知心理学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

工作记忆 (WM) 和注意力是重要的认知功能.
精神分裂症与WM和注意力缺陷有关,损害了日常功能.
了解这些缺陷的神经基础对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究神经机制,将WM障碍和精神分裂症的注意力缺陷联系在一起.
探索精神分裂症患者注意力缺陷严重程度和功能性大脑连接之间的关系.

主要方法:

在N-back WM任务期间,从184名精神分裂症患者和146名对照人群中获得了功能性MRI (fMRI) 扫描.
用voxel智能度的中心性 (DC) 来分析整个大脑功能连接组.
线性分析检查了注意力缺陷严重程度,改变DC和WM表现之间的关联.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,精神分裂症患者在补充前区域 (SMA前) 和小脑后部表现出DC降低.
患有轻度注意力缺陷的患者在额外边缘环,内侧环和前环中显示了DC的减少.
大脑区域的直流值显示U形或反转的U形模式,注意力缺陷越来越大,而不是线性.
发现改变的SMA前DC调节了注意力缺陷和WM表现之间的关系.

结论:

观察到的U形/反转的U形直流模式可能表明精神分裂症与轻度注意力缺陷的补偿机制.
在患有轻度注意力缺陷的患者中,增加SMA前DC可能会提高WM的表现,这表明潜在的治疗标.

关键词:

中心性的程度.在N-back的背部.精神分裂症是一种精神分裂症.工作记忆工作记忆

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