母亲的饮食摄入量和营养状况与妊娠14至26周的胎儿生长之间的关联:一个横截面研究
Margaret Kiiza Kabahenda1, Barbara J Stoecker2
1Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. margaret.kabahenda@mak.ac.ug.
BMC nutrition
|May 23, 2024
概括
在非洲,孕妇营养不良影响胎儿生长. 改善获得诸如豆类和乳制品之类的营养密集蛋白质来源的机会,可以在怀孕期间改善孕产妇和胎儿的健康.
科学领域:
- 孕产妇和胎儿健康 孕产妇和胎儿健康
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 孕产妇营养不良影响了非洲23.5%的怀孕,对孕产妇和胎儿的结果构成风险.
- 低于最佳的饮食模式普遍存在,与不利的出生结果有关.
研究的目的:
- 描述母亲的饮食摄入量,营养状况和妊娠14-26周之间的胎儿生长之间的关联.
- 测试假设,母亲的饮食质量对母亲的营养状况和胎儿生长有积极的影响.
主要方法:
- 乌干达中西部870名孕妇的横截面调查 (2013年8月).
- 评估母亲的饮食摄入量 (饮食多样性,饮食质量评分) 和营养状况 (血红蛋白,中上臂周长).
- 胎儿的生长通过交合体底部高度 (SFH) Z-score 测量;使用相关性和千平方测试进行分析.
主要成果:
- 只有25%的妇女有足够的饮食多样性;常见的食物包括茎,豆类,谷物,绿叶蔬菜和脂肪.
- 年轻女性 (15-29岁) 与老年女性相比,患贫血和体重不足的比例更高.
- 豆类/坚果/种子消费与降低贫血风险有关;乳制品摄入量与胎儿生长有积极联系. 低血红蛋白显示出与20周后胎儿正常生长有惊人的积极关联.
结论:
- 在资源有限的环境中,饮食多样性有限和蛋白质摄入量低会影响母亲的营养和胎儿的生长.
- 提高获得负担得起的,营养丰富的蛋白质 (豆类,坚果,乳制品) 的机会可以改善母亲的营养状况和胎儿的生长.
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