坎贝尔定律解释了复制危机:预注册章正在重复历史
1The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Assessment
|May 24, 2024
概括
坎贝尔定律表明,将预注册章等科学工具视为目标会扭曲它们的使用,可能会损害心理学科学. 真正的科学稳定性依赖于复制,而不是授权.
科学领域:
- 心理学是一门科学.
- 研究方法研究方法论.
- 科学完整性 科学完整性
背景情况:
- 科学中的复制危机凸显了研究实践的问题.
- 坎贝尔定律描述了绩效指标如何被扭曲,当追求作为目标.
- 存在的工具,如p值和假设被滥用,导致脆弱的发现.
研究的目的:
- 检查预先注册授权,如预先注册章 (PRBs),是否是对复制危机的有效解决方案.
- 论证PRBs和其他工具一样,可能会被扭曲并损害科学进步.
- 为培养强大的科学提出替代解决方案.
主要方法:
- 将坎贝尔定律应用于预注册任务的概念分析.
- 审查关于使用和滥用预注册章的现有证据.
- 基于理论原则和科学实践中观察到的趋势的论证.
主要成果:
- 预先注册任务,就像PRB一样,有可能成为目标本身,导致使用扭曲.
- 有证据表明,寻求PRB的论文可能违反其精神和规则.
- 预先注册任务可能会阻止最佳实践,加剧文件抽问题,并鼓励"在结果已知后预先注册" (PRARKing).
结论:
- 预注册授权可能会对不可靠的调查结果产生错误的信任感.
- 设计特征的组合 (样本大小,测量,稳定性检查,预注册) 支持可复制性,但不应将任何设计特征定为正典.
- 最关键的解决方案是社会文化转变,重视和加强强大的科学,而不是"闪闪发光但脆弱"的科学.
更多相关视频
07:55Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Published on: September 11, 2022
1.8K
11:19Inducing a Site Specific Replication Blockage in E. coli Using a Fluorescent Repressor Operator System
Published on: August 21, 2016
9.0K
相关概念视频
03:01The Replisome
33.4K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
33.4K
02:38S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication
4.7K
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of...
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of...
4.7K
02:37Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
00:52Social Proof
27.7K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.7K
02:40Chromosome Structure
22.7K
A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
22.7K
01:16Calmodulin-dependent Signaling
5.1K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.1K