2021年波兰的麻疹在波兰
Joanna Bogusz1, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz1
1National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego PZH - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy Zakład Epidemiologii Chorób Zakaźnych i Nadzoru.
Przeglad epidemiologiczny
|May 24, 2024
概括
波兰的麻疹病例在2021年显著下降,继续在欧洲各地观察到的下降趋势. 这种下降与大流行前疫情的解决和高疫苗接种率有关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 麻疹是一种高度传染性的疾病,是世界卫生组织 (WHO) 疫苗接种计划的目标.
- 消除麻疹需要95%的疫苗覆盖率,强有力的监测和病例登记.
- 华沙的病毒学部门协调波兰的麻疹监测.
研究的目的:
- 评估2021年波兰麻疹流行病学指标.
- 为了将2021年的数据与前几年的数据进行比较,考虑到COVID-19流行病的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了"2021年波兰的传染病和毒素"和"2021年波兰的免疫接种"公告中的数据.
- 利用EpiBase流行病监测系统进行数据分类.
- 病例分类遵循了2021年监视定义.
主要成果:
- 波兰在2021年登记了13起麻疹病例 (发病率为0.03/100,000),比2020年下降了44.8%.
- 发病率最高的是0-4岁的儿童 (0.32/100,000).
- 三岁儿童的第一剂疫苗接种率为90.8%,第二剂疫苗接种率为9岁儿童的84.6%.
结论:
- 与2020年相比,2021年波兰麻疹流行病学指标下降.
- 这一趋势与欧洲麻疹病例的减少一致.
- 这一减少归因于大流行前疫情的消失,特别是2019年开始的疫情.
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