侵袭性捕食者及其本地猎物如何应对规定的火?
Darcy J Watchorn1, Tim S Doherty2,3, Barbara A Wilson1
1School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus) Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia.
Ecology and evolution
|May 24, 2024
概括
澳大利亚的处方火灾并没有增加野猫或红狐的活动. 中型本地哺乳动物受到火灾范围的负面影响,这表明对野生动物的短期负面影响.
科学领域:
- 对火灾的生态反应
- 侵袭性物种生态 侵袭性物种生态
- 野生动物管理管理
背景情况:
- 火灾是一个重要的生态驱动因素,影响掠食者-猎物动态和资源的可用性.
- 像野猫 (Felis catus) 和欧洲红狐 (Vulpes vulpes) 这样的侵入性捕食者在澳大利亚是令人担忧的,火灾后活动可能增加.
- 了解野生动物对处方燃烧的反应对于有效的土地管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查规定的火灾发生,范围和历史对澳大利亚东南部入侵掠食者 (猫,狐) 和本土哺乳动物的活动的影响.
- 确定火如何与息地变量 (植被,地形,接近人类定居点) 相互作用以影响哺乳动物活动.
- 评估处方烧伤对不同本土哺乳动物大小类别的短期影响.
主要方法:
- 摄像机陷被部署用于监测哺乳动物活动 (检测频率) 之前和之后,规定的燃烧.
- 使用统计分析来测试火灾的影响及其与环境变量对哺乳动物活动的相互作用.
- 哺乳动物物种按大小分类:小 (<800 g),中 (800-2000 g) 和大 (袋鼠).
主要成果:
- 规定的火灾对野猫和欧洲红狐的活动几乎没有影响.
- 没有观察到处方火对袋鼠或小型本土哺乳动物的活动有显著影响.
- 中型本地哺乳动物与规定的火灾范围呈现负面关联,表明短期的有害影响.
结论:
- 该研究发现,有限的证据表明,处方火增加了入侵性猫和狐的活动,这可能是保护的积极结果.
- 规定的火灾范围似乎会在短期内对中型本地哺乳动物产生负面影响.
- 未来的研究应该利用GPS跟踪来了解火灾后的细度掠食者运动,以更好地告知保护区的管理策略.
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