评估和解决阿巴拉契亚人口健康的决定因素:一个范围审查
David L Driscoll1, Hannah O'Donnell2, Maitri Patel3
1Healthy Appalachia Institute, UVA Wise.
Journal of Appalachian health
|May 24, 2024
概括
由于社会和环境因素,阿巴拉契亚人面临更高的健康风险. 本次审查确定了关键的健康决定因素和结果,以指导减少差异的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 阿巴拉契亚州的发病率和死亡率高于全国平均水平.
- 健康差异与不公平的健康社会和环境决定因素的暴露有关.
- 了解这些决定因素对于开发该地区有效的卫生计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对研究进行范围审查,将阿巴拉契亚健康的决定因素与死亡率和发病率的主要原因联系起来.
- 确定阿巴拉契亚地区常见的人口健康决定因素和普遍的不良健康结果.
- 分类和分析旨在减轻健康差异的干预研究.
主要方法:
- 对过去五年内发表的研究进行了2023年范围审查.
- 搜索策略包括阿巴拉契亚地区的地理术语和关键的不良健康结果.
- 纳入标准侧重于评估人口健康决定因素与阿巴拉契亚人群的主要健康结果之间的关联的原始文章.
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了221篇研究文章,其中包括30项干预研究.
- 主要的健康结果是癌症 (43.59%),绝望的疾病 (23.08%) 和糖尿病 (12.82%).
- 最常见的决定因素是获得护理 (27.3%),农村 (18.9%) 和教育 (14.8%).
结论:
- 这些发现可以为改善阿巴拉契亚人口健康的计划的开发和评估提供信息.
- 结果将指导社区讨论,以制定战略规划,以减少亚帕拉契亚弗吉尼亚州的健康差异.
- 健康的社会和环境决定因素为解决区域健康不平等问题提供了框架.
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