非洲非菌根性结核病:文学综述
O T Ojo1,2, A O Odeyemi3,4
1Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethiopian journal of health sciences
|May 24, 2024
概括
非结核菌菌 (NTM) 感染在非洲很普遍,经常被误诊为结核病. 改善诊断和意识对于在整个非洲大陆有效管理NTM疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医学微生物学 医学微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 非结核菌 (NTM) 导致肺和肺外感染,由于类似的临床表现,经常被误诊为结核病 (TB).
- 这种错误诊断导致不适当的治疗,增加了受影响人群的发病率和死亡率.
- 了解非洲NTM的流行病学和临床方面对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于非洲NTM感染的流行,临床表现,诊断和管理的全面概述.
- 综合非洲背景下NTM现有文献中的发现.
- 识别知识缺口和未来研究和干预的领域.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索,搜索了2000年至2021年间发表的研究.
- 关键词包括"非结核菌","NTM","非洲"和"流行率".
- 如果报告了非洲NTM的流行率,就包括了这些研究,并排除了那些只关注Mycobacterium tuberculosis或缺乏流行数据的研究. 总共包括了32项研究.
主要成果:
- 32项研究报告了非洲的NTM,研究集中在南非,埃塞俄比亚和尼日利亚.
- 菌复合体 (MAC),幸运菌和菌是最常被识别的NTM物种.
- 艾滋病毒阳性个体中发现了NTM感染的高患病率,其他风险因素包括晚年,慢性肺病和先前的结核病感染.
结论:
- 在非洲,NTM感染对健康构成重大负担,其特点是患病率高,经常被误诊为结核病.
- 非洲对NTM的认识有限和诊断工具不足是需要紧急关注的主要问题.
- 加强实验室能力和开发特定的诊断算法对于该地区NTM感染的有效管理至关重要.
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
234
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
234
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
221
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
134
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
134
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
177
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
177
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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