主体肥胖影响流感A病毒种群的遗传变异
Marissa Knoll1, Rebekah Honce2, Victoria Meliopoulos2
1Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Journal of virology
|May 24, 2024
概括
主体肥胖影响流感A病毒 (IAV) 进化,通过促进独特的遗传变异. 这项研究揭示了肥胖如何改变IAV的选择性环境,影响其遗传多样性和感染期间的适应性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学和宿主-病原体相互作用
- 分子进化和遗传学
- 代谢性疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 肥胖是已知的非传染性疾病的风险因素,但其对传染性疾病的影响,特别是甲型流感病毒 (IAV),尚不清楚.
- IAV遗传多样性在宿主复制过程中出现,可以影响病毒的进化,传播和疾病严重程度.
- 宿主因素,包括与肥胖相关的炎症和免疫失调,可能为病毒适应创造独特的环境.
研究的目的:
- 研究宿主肥胖对流感A病毒 (IAV) 遗传变异和演变的影响.
- 确定肥胖是否会影响宿主内IAV遗传多样性的产生,维持和传播.
- 探索积极选择和特定突变在IAV适应肥胖宿主中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用一种感染流感A病毒 (H9N2菌株) 的饮食诱导肥胖模型.
- 采用联合养研究设计来评估肥胖和瘦肉的主体之间的病毒传播.
- 随着时间的推移,从鼻水样本中测序病毒基因组RNA,以分析肠胃内遗传变异和识别突变.
主要成果:
- 肥胖的宿主表现出对de novo突变的增强阳性选择,导致IAV的频繁非同义变化.
- 在肥胖的宿主中发现了IAV独特的众多突变,这些突变在宿主传播期间保持着.
- 尽管存在肥胖特异性变异,但总体病毒遗传多样性和缺陷病毒基因组 (DVG) 动态在肥胖和瘦肉宿主之间没有显著差异.
结论:
- 宿主肥胖似乎创造了一个独特的选择性环境,影响宿主内流感A病毒的进化.
- 特定的病毒基因,包括血凝素和聚合酶 (PB2,PB1),无论肥胖程度如何,都显示出与主体共同的适应性.
- 需要进一步的遗传和功能研究来确认肥胖对IAV进化和适应的具体影响.
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