新抗癌药物:可靠地评估"价值",同时解决高价格问题
David J Stewart1,2,3, John-Peter Bradford3, Sandeep Sehdev1,2,3
1Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|May 24, 2024
概括
过度监管和错误的价值评估阻碍了负担得起的药物获取. 需要全系统的改革来加快药物开发,并确保基本新药的公平定价.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 制药政策 制药政策
- 药物开发 药物开发
背景情况:
- 由于药品价格高昂,各国在购买新药方面面临重大挑战.
- 药物开发成本正在上升,部分原因是监管复杂性和延迟.
- 在全球范围内存在药品估值和补偿方面的差异,影响了患者的获取.
研究的目的:
- 分析导致高药价和延迟获得新药的因素.
- 评估用于药物估值的方法,例如增量成本效益比率 (ICER) 和质量调整寿命年 (QALY).
- 与国际标准相比,突出加拿大新药资助系统的低效性.
主要方法:
- 审查影响药品定价和开发时间表的经济和政策因素.
- 分析ICER/QALY框架在评估药物价值方面的局限性.
- 对不同国家的药物资助政策进行比较评估,以加拿大为案例研究.
主要成果:
- 过度监管和漫长的开发过程增加了药物成本,并推迟了患者的获取,导致生命年数的损失.
- ICER/QALY评估往往不准确,无法考虑关键因素,如患者交叉,长期存活率和更广泛的社会利益.
- 与国际基准相比,加拿大的系统在启动对必要新药的公共资金方面表现特别无效.
结论:
- 迫切的全系统改革是必要的,以简化药物开发,降低成本,改善获得创新疗法的机会.
- 改革的药物估值方法应该更准确地反映药物的真正价值,考虑到疾病严重程度和患者亚群.
- 政策变化至关重要,以解决药物获取方面的差异,并确保全球及时获得基本药物.
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