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男女奥运拳击手的身体能力和战斗表现特征
Matheus Hausen1, Lee Taylor2,3, Flavio Bachini1
1Olympic Laboratory, Brazil Olympic Committee.
Research quarterly for exercise and sport
|May 24, 2024
概括
精英奥林匹克拳击手在3×3分钟的战斗模拟中经历了显著的心血管应变和酸化. 模拟后,观察到明显的代谢和免疫反应,为这些运动员提供训练信息.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 战斗运动科学科学 战斗运动科学
背景情况:
- 拳击是一项高强度的运动,需要达到最佳体能.
- 了解拳击的生理要求对于优化运动员表现和健康至关重要.
- 在精英拳击中,越来越多地采用3x3分钟的轮回格式,需要特定的生理数据.
研究的目的:
- 描述精英奥林匹克拳击手的人体测量和心肺呼吸学特征.
- 分析心肺呼吸,生化和免疫反应对3x3分钟的自由接触拳击模拟.
- 在精英拳击中建立基于证据的调节程序设计的基准.
主要方法:
- 评估了14名精英奥运拳击手 (4名女性,10名男性),包括休息代谢率和人类测量测量.
- 进行最大分级运动测试以确定心肺呼吸能力.
- 在3x3分钟的拳击模拟过程中监测生理反应,在战斗前,战斗期间和战斗结束后抽取血液样本.
主要成果:
- 拳击手表现出主要是半形体型的体型,性别之间的身体脂肪百分比不同.
- 3x3分钟的模拟诱导了高心血管应变 (92-95%的最大心率) 和显著的酸性.
- 在模拟后,观察到显著的代谢,血液和免疫反应,包括肌素,尿素和白细胞的升高.
结论:
- 3x3分钟的拳击模拟对精英运动员造成了相当大的心血管和代谢压力.
- 在激烈的拳击比赛期间和之后,显著的生理变化,包括酸性和代谢,发生.
- 这项研究为设计针对性训练策略的男性和女性精英拳击手提供了基础性特征.
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