急性心肌梗塞后与恢复工作相关的因素:系统性审查和元分析
Shuqian Qiao1, Xinyi Chen1, Xi Cao1
1The School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Work (Reading, Mass.)
|May 24, 2024
概括
在急性心肌梗塞 (AMI) 后重返工作对恢复至关重要. 糖尿病,心力衰竭史,体力劳动和抑郁症等因素阻碍了回归,而男性和高等教育则促进了回归.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心理社会恢复 心理社会恢复
背景情况:
- 在年轻人中,急性心肌梗塞 (AMI) 的发生率正在上升.
- 重返工作是AMI后心理社会恢复的一个关键指标.
- 影响AMI后返回工作的因素需要全面了解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关AMI患者返回工作率的证据.
- 为了确定与急性心肌梗塞后恢复工作相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CNKI,VIP) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2023年10月3日.
- 使用统计软件计算了回归工作率和赔率比率 (OR) 的汇总率.
- 在选2403个记录后,包括了19项研究.
主要成果:
- 在AMI后的3,6,12个月和24个月后,工作回归率分别为74%,87%,87%和80%.
- 重返工作的负面预测因素包括糖尿病并发症 (OR=0.65),心力衰竭史 (OR=0.43),手工劳动 (OR=0.51) 和抑郁症 (OR=0.59).
- 确定的保护因素是男性 (OR=1.42) 和高等教育水平 (OR=1.45). 年龄,婚姻状况和吸烟没有显著的关联.
结论:
- 回归工作率在AMI后的一年内达到顶峰,随后下降.
- 识别有延迟恢复工作风险的患者对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 医疗保健专业人员可以利用这些发现来支持患者成功重新融入劳动力.
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