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用于农业应用的基因编辑动物的全球状况

Alba V Ledesma¹, Alison L Van Eenennaam¹

¹Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)

|May 24, 2024

概括

农业中的基因编辑 (GnEd) 使用CRISPR/Cas9在动物中产生淘汰突变,以提高产量和抗病能力. 现在,一些国家将这些动物视为非转基因动物,从而促进它们进入市场.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
遗传学遗传学是一个
生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

基因编辑 (GnEd) 使用定位核酶来诱导基因组中的有针对性的双链断裂 (DSB).
在畜牧业中,GnEd技术越来越多地用于特征增强.

研究的目的:

审查农业动物基因编辑应用的景观.
为了识别常见的技术,编辑类型,动物群体和目标特征.
检查基因编辑动物的监管方法.

主要方法:

对同行评审的文章进行了全面的文献搜索.
从212篇详细介绍活体基因编辑农业动物生产的文章中提取了数据.
分析重点是GnEd系统,突变类型,动物类别和所需特征.

主要成果:

CRISPR/Cas9是最常见的GnEd系统,敲除突变 (通过DSB修复) 是最常见的编辑类型.
水生动物和反动物是研究最多的群体,主要目标是产量,繁殖和抗病能力.
超过一半的审查论文来自中国;几个国家的监管政策承认GnEd动物具有淘汰突变作为非转基因.

结论:

基因编辑,特别是CRISPR/Cas9,是畜牧业快速发展的工具.
一些国家的监管框架正在适应基因编辑,使得非转基因动物基因编辑牲畜和鱼类的开发成为可能.
这便于基因编辑的应用,以提高农业生产力和动物健康.

关键词:

农业农业农业农业这就是CRISPR/Cas9的作用.食物动物食品动物基因编辑基因编辑遗传修饰是一种基因改造.

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