在喀拉拉邦的跨性别人口中,非传染性疾病及其危险因素:一个横截面研究
Bhavya Fernandez1, Rakhal Gaitonde2
1Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India. bhavya.fernandez@gmail.com.
International journal for equity in health
|May 24, 2024
概括
喀拉拉邦的跨性别和性别多样性 (TGD) 的人面临歧视,导致社会劣势和非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的风险因素增加. 卫生计划必须解决这些社会决定因素,以便在TGD社区更好地管理NCD.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 是喀拉拉邦政府的优先事项.
- 了解跨性别和性别多样性 (TGD) 个体的医疗服务获取对于全民健康覆盖至关重要.
- 这项研究调查了喀拉拉邦TGD人口中的NCD风险因素和管理挑战.
研究的目的:
- 探索在喀拉拉邦TGD个体中NCD风险因素的流行情况.
- 为TGD社区确定NCD预防和管理的障碍和促进者.
- 为了为NCD护理提供更具包容性的卫生系统策略.
主要方法:
- 在喀拉拉邦的三个地区采用混合方法方法.
- 包括对120名TGD个体的横截面调查,使用适应的WHO STEPS问卷.
- 补充了与13名TGD个人进行的深入采访.
主要成果:
- TGD个体经历了严重的歧视,导致教育和就业结果差.
- 社会边缘化导致更高的暴露于可修改的风险因素 (酒精,烟草) 和代谢风险 (高血压,糖尿病).
- 医疗保健机构中的歧视 (41.7%) 阻碍了行为改变和获得基本的NCD服务.
结论:
- 高血压患者的社会地位和结构上的不利因素加剧了NCDs的生物风险.
- 当前的健康计划可能是不理想的,如果健康的社会决定因素没有整合.
- 解决社会决定因素对于改善TGD人口中NCD结果至关重要.
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