在西班牙因麻风住院的人群中的并发症和并发症,1997-2021年
Blanca Figueres-Pesudo1, Héctor Pinargote-Celorio2, Isabel Belinchón-Romero3,4
1Internal Medicine Service, General University Hospital Dr. Balmis, Alicante Health and Biomedical Research Institute (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain.
西班牙的麻风病患者入院数量大幅下降,每年病例减少. 现在因麻风住院的患者年龄较大,并患有更多的并发病,这表明疾病人口结构发生了变化.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 一种慢性传染病 - - 麻风病,在全球范围内仍然是一个公共卫生问题.
- 了解麻风病例的流行病学趋势和临床特征对于有效的疾病管理和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述西班牙麻风病患者入院的流行病学和临床特征.
- 分析1997年至2021年大麻风住院病例的趋势.
- 为了确定患者人口统计,并发症和麻风病例的地理分布的变化.
主要方法:
- 使用西班牙国家卫生系统医院出院记录数据库进行的回顾性研究.
- 包括使用国际疾病分类 (ICD-9和ICD-10) 诊断代码识别的麻风病例.
- 对从1997年到2021年的数据进行分析,比较不同的时间段 (1997-2001年与2017-2021年).
主要成果:
- 观察到,每年的麻风病例数显著下降,从341例 (1997-2001) 减少到232例 (2017-2021).
- 入院患者的中位数年龄从65岁增加到76岁,并增加了诸如高血压等并发症.
- 虽然整体入院人数下降,但区域差异很大,马德里增加,安达卢西亚和加拿大群岛下降.
结论:
- 西班牙的麻风病例呈现下降趋势,甚至在历史上高患病率的地区.
- 住院麻风患者的个人资料已经转向了老年人群,并承担了更高的并发病负担.
- 持续监测和有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以应对西班牙不断变化的麻风流行病学.
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