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在SARS-CoV-2-疫苗接种多发性骨髓瘤患者中的突破性感染改善了对Omicron变体的交叉保护

Angelika Wagner¹, Erika Garner-Spitzer¹, Claudia Auer¹

¹Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

|May 25, 2024

概括

多发性骨髓瘤患者对COVID-19疫苗的抗体反应不佳,即使在增强剂后也是如此. 疫苗接种和感染的混合免疫力改善了对没有严重疾病的变体的保护.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
在瘤学瘤学.
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 患者免疫力低下,COVID-19 风险较高.
在MM患者中,mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种反应受损.
助推效应和对MM变异的交叉保护尚未得到研究.

研究的目的:

评估MM患者的幽默和细胞疫苗反应.
评估抗体水平和对SARS-CoV-2令人担忧的变种 (VOCs) 的交叉保护.
根据疾病阶段和治疗对MM患者进行分层分类,以分析反应.

主要方法:

前性队列研究分析了MM患者和健康受试者的疫苗反应.
根据疾病状况和治疗,将MM患者分为四组.
测量抗体水平,中和能力和B型记忆细胞的形成.

主要成果:

大多数MM患者具有较低的Omicron特异性抗体和交叉中和后提升剂.
进步的MM患者在抗CD38 mAb和免疫治疗后的SCT上显示出延迟的B细胞反应.
混合免疫 (疫苗接种+突破性感染) 增强了对VOCs的交叉保护,没有严重的疾病.

结论:

型MM患者需要频繁,适应变异的强化疫苗接种或替代疫苗策略.
与突破性感染类似的免疫效应可能是有益的.
对MM患者优化疫苗接种方案的进一步研究至关重要.

关键词:

在B型记忆细胞中.接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗的方法突破性感染的突破性感染免疫细胞枯竭免疫细胞枯竭免疫反应的免疫反应.免疫抑制是一种免疫抑制.多发性骨髓瘤是多发性骨髓瘤的一种疾病.

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