来自微藻的生物塑料的绿色合成:一项最先进的技术审查
Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji1, Mariana Erasmus1
1Centre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa.
Polymers
|May 25, 2024
概括
微藻为生产环保生物塑料提供了一个可持续的来源. 这些生物基塑料是可生物降解和生物相容的,是传统塑料的绿色替代品.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 来自化石燃料的传统塑料带来了重大的环境和健康风险.
- 越来越多的工业化和人口增长导致了塑料生产和污染的激增.
- 微藻为生物塑料生产提供了可行的,可持续的,绿色的替代原料.
研究的目的:
- 审查从微藻生产生物聚合物和生物塑料的技术.
- 讨论高效,大规模生物塑料生产的战略.
- 提供关于微藻生物塑料生命周期,生命终点和应用的见解.
主要方法:
- 在不同的培养条件下利用各种微藻菌株生产生物聚合物,如聚酸,聚氨,聚乳酸,纤维素,粉和基于蛋白质的聚合物.
- 采用基因工程,代谢工程,光生物反应器,响应表面方法和人工智能来优化微藻菌株以实现经济高效的生物塑料合成.
- 分析基于微藻的生物塑料的生命周期评估和生命周期结束场景.
主要成果:
- 微藻可以被设计成生产适合生物塑料的多种生物聚合物.
- 优化的技术使这些生物塑料的成本效益和大规模生产成为可能.
- 基于微藻的生物塑料具有理想的特性,如生物降解性,生物相容性和可回收性.
结论:
- 基于微藻的生物塑料为传统塑料提供了可持续,环保和高性能的替代品.
- 这些生物塑料在各种行业都有广泛的应用,包括包装,医疗保健和农业.
- 建议应对工业规模生产和进一步研究的挑战,以便广泛采用.
相关概念视频
01:28Overview of Algae
The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
01:21Green Algae
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
01:26Microbial Bioremediation of Hydrocarbons
Bioremediation is an environmentally sustainable process that employs living organisms—primarily microorganisms—to degrade or neutralize pollutants from contaminated environments. In oil spills and hydrocarbon pollution, bioremediation involves the use of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to transform toxic compounds into less harmful substances. This approach leverages natural microbial metabolic processes and is considered both cost-effective and ecologically favorable compared to physical or...
01:27Bioplastics
Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
01:25Biofuels
The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
01:28Microbial Bioremediation of Plastics
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...