咖啡因对生理参数和身体表现的安慰剂效应
David Ortiz-Sánchez1, Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez1,2, María Ramírez-delaCruz1
1Performance and Sport Rehabilitation Laboratory (DEPORSALUD), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Nutrients
|May 25, 2024
概括
高剂量咖啡因的安慰剂效应并没有显著影响力量表现或感知力的努力. 然而,它确实导致了更低的静止心率和一些报告的副作用.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 假药效应是各种医疗和表现环境中记录良好的现象.
- 咖啡因是一种广泛使用的人体工程学辅助剂,但其作用可能受到心理因素的影响.
- 对于运动员和研究人员来说,了解与咖啡因和力量表现相关的安慰剂效应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查高剂量咖啡因 (9毫克/公斤) 对生理和性能指标的安慰剂效应.
- 分析安慰剂对心率,心率变化和力量测试的影响.
- 评估与安慰剂条件相关的感知性能,努力和副作用.
主要方法:
- 18名力量训练参与者接受了两天的试验:一个是咖啡因知情的安慰剂摄入,一个是控制 (没有摄入).
- 测量包括在强度评估之前的静止心率和心率变化率 (HRV).
- 参与者在不同强度 (50%,75%,90%的1RM) 进行了长椅压力和腰测试,随后进行了主观评估.
主要成果:
- 在大多数强度性能变量中,在安慰剂和对照条件之间没有观察到显著差异.
- 在安慰剂试验中,静止心率下降 (p=0.040) 和平均RR间隔增加 (p=0.032).
- 心率变化,感知性能和努力仍然相似;然而,与安慰剂一起报告了神经性等副作用.
结论:
- 在这种高剂量咖啡因的背景下,安慰剂效应没有提高力量性能,HRV或感知力的努力.
- 在安慰剂条件下,静止心率显著降低和平均RR间隔增加.
- 该研究强调,心理因素可以引起生理变化和主观经验,即使没有直接的药物对表现的影响.
相关概念视频
01:54The Placebo Effect
6.1K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.1K
02:07Blind Procedures
10.6K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.6K
01:16Experimental Designs
11.3K
An experimental design is a systematic process that allows researchers to evaluate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There are three widely used types of experimental design - pre-experimental design, true experimental design, and quasi-experimental design. In pre-experimental design, the researcher compares the data before and after some interventions or treatments. The true-experimental design has more than one purposefully created group, a commonly measured...
11.3K
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
120
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
120
01:29Stimulants
187
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
187
01:28Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents
701
Mixed-action adrenergic agonists, like ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, directly and indirectly affect adrenergic receptors. These agents stimulate adrenoceptors and indirectly release stored neurotransmitters, amplifying the adrenergic response.
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...
701