相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 25, 2025

09:33
Methods to Classify Cytoplasmic Foci as Mammalian Stress Granules
Published on: May 12, 2017
14.6K
压力颗粒局部化的USP8通过DDX3XX的deubiquitination强化了cGAS介导的I型干扰性病变
Xuejing Zhang1, Lulu Han1, Jinxiu Hou1
1Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Cell reports
|May 25, 2024
概括
USP8在压力颗粒中二基化DDX3X,增强循环GMP-AMP合成酶 (cGAS) 凝结和激活. 抑制USP8为治疗cGAS介导的自身免疫性疾病 (如狼) 提供了潜在的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 循环GMP-AMP合成酶 (cGAS) 在遇到双链DNA (dsDNA) 时,通过液-液相分离 (LLPS) 启动免疫反应.
- 众所周知,应力颗粒 (SG) 与凝聚的cGAS进行同位化,但SGs在调节cGAS激活中的确切作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 阐明压力颗粒影响cGAS激活的分子机制.
- 研究USP8在cGAS-STING信号通路中的作用及其作为自身免疫疾病治疗点的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在dDNA刺激后,USP8在压力颗粒中的局部化研究.
- 评估USP8对干扰素基因 (STING) 信号传递的cGAS刺激器的影响.
- 在患病性炎症的小鼠模型中抑制USP8活性 (Trex1-/-小鼠).
- 在全身性红斑狼 (SLE) 患者数据库中分析USP8表达.
- 关于DDX3X在cGAS相分离和USP8-介导的二维化中的作用的机制性研究.
主要成果:
- 在dsDNA刺激时,USP8定位到压力颗粒,并增强cGAS-STING信号传输.
- 在Trex1-/-小鼠中,USP8抑制减少了病理性炎症.
- 在患者数据库中,USP8表达升高与SLE相关.
- 该SG蛋白DDX3X促进cGAS相分离和激活.
- USP8从DDX3X本质上无序的区域中对K27连接的乌比奎丁链进行二次化,增强其凝结.
结论:
- USP8通过对DDX3X进行脱化来促进cGAS的凝结和激活,从而促进下游信号传输.
- USP8是压力颗粒中cGAS活动的关键调节者.
- 针对USP8是一个有前途的治疗策略,用于管理cGAS介导的自身免疫疾病,如SLE.
关键词:
科普:分子生物学 分子生物学相关概念视频
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
The Unfolded Protein Response
4.5K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
4.5K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
6.8K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
6.8K
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.6K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.6K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
2.0K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
2.0K
GPCR Desensitization
6.0K
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
6.0K

