药店的空间访问中的种族和民族不平等:地理信息系统分析分析
概括
种族和民族少数群体面临着不平等的药房接入,特别是在农村和郊区. 这种差异凸显了在不同社区之间公平分配医疗保健的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 空间分析 空间分析
背景情况:
- 社区药房的可访问性对于公平的医疗保健至关重要,特别是对于那些无法获得其他提供者的人群.
- 了解空间接入差异是解决医疗保健不平等问题的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查种族/种族群体在空间药房准入方面的差异.
- 分析这些差异在农村-城市连续.
主要方法:
- 在人口普查区块层面使用合成人口样本 (n=90,749,446).
- 根据驾驶距离值 (城市≤2,郊区≤5,农村≤10英里) 定义了最佳的药房接入.
- 使用物流回归与交互术语来评估种族/种族和城市化对访问的影响.
主要成果:
- 在农村-城市连续性 (P<0.0001) 中,在药房准入方面观察到显著的种族/民族不平等.
- 在农村地区,与白人相比,黑人,西班牙裔和土著人获得最佳访问的几率较低.
- 西班牙裔和土著人也减少了在郊区的访问,而亚洲人面临的差异在西部郊区和农村地区.
结论:
- 对社区药房的空间准入在不同种族/民族群体之间是不公平的.
- 代表性不足的群体在农村和一些郊区的环境中经历了显着较低的药房准入,但在城市地区并不典型.
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