手枪处决中的头骨创伤:周围分层缺陷及其与接触/近距离射击的关系
Roberto C Parra1, Jose Pablo Baraybar2, Lucio A Condori3
1Forensic Team, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (United Nations Joint Human Rights Office)., Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Journal of forensic sciences
|May 27, 2024
概括
头骨上的周围分层缺陷 (CDD) 表明近距离的枪伤. 在古代遗骸上发现的火药残留物证实了这一联系,有助于法医人类学确定枪击情况.
科学领域:
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
- 骨创伤分析 骨创伤分析
- 弹道学 弹道学 弹道学
背景情况:
- 骨证据对于解释创伤和确定死亡情况至关重要.
- 区分近距离和远距离的枪伤在骨中对于法医分析至关重要.
- 确定枪伤近距离的现有方法可能是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查周围分层缺陷 (CDD) 作为近距离 (≤30厘米) 和接触枪伤的可靠指标.
- 为了建立CDD和近距离射击之间的经验联系.
- 评估枪支残留元素在骨遗骸中的持久性.
主要方法:
- 在骨遗骸上对CDD的外部分析.
- 在古代骨遗骸中识别和量化枪弹残留元素 (,,).
- 对CDD存在,靠近头骨和射击角度之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 在近距离枪击事件中记录了CDD,包括涉及9×19 FMJ弹药的枪击事件.
- 在埋葬长达30年的骨遗骸中检测到枪支残留元素 (Pb,Ba,Sb),与新鲜样本相比.
- 在CDD和靠近头骨之间观察到强烈的相关性,在更近的距离和垂直的射击角度中增加了可能性.
结论:
- CDD在骨证据中作为一个关键的歧视因素,用于识别近距离或接触枪伤.
- 在古代遗骸中发现的火药残留物证实了它们在死后分析中的有效性.
- 这项研究增强了对CDD病因学及其在法医人类学中的实际应用的理解.
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