通过自然语言处理对神经成像报告进行自动与手动编码,使用国际疾病分类,第十版
Alexander M McKinney1, Jessica A Moore2, Kevin Campbell3
1Department of Radiology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Heliyon
|May 27, 2024
概括
自然语言处理 (NLP) 显示出从成像报告中生成国际疾病分类 (ICD-10) 代码的前景. 一个NLP算法证明了可靠的诊断编码的可行性和潜力,在一致性上优于手工方法.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 疾病国际分类 (ICD-10) 代码是美国用于医疗计费和追踪疾病负担的标准.
- 医生从成像报告中手动编码诊断是耗时的,容易变化.
- 自然语言处理 (NLP) 为自动诊断代码生成提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估NLP算法的可行性和性能,从脑脊CT和MRI报告中生成ICD-10代码.
- 为了比较NLP生成的代码与放射科医生和医生手动编码的准确性.
- 评估NLP驱动的诊断编码的可靠性和一致性.
主要方法:
- 一个由200个脊CT/MRI报告组成的池由三个神经放射学家和一名医生手动编码.
- 一个NLP算法 (Radnosis) 从报告印象中提取了短语,并将它们与ICD-10代码相匹配.
- 医生手册代码和NLP生成的代码之间的协议使用一致的审查者共识作为基本真理进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 医生的手动编码显示出不可靠的对照协议 (克里多夫α = 0.39-0.63).
- 对于前5个代码,NLP算法实现了0.88的灵敏度,0.80的特异性和0.83的F2得分.
- 与全长代码相比,较短的ICD-10代码的算法的准确性更高 (p=0.00582x10).
结论:
- NLP算法证明了从成像报告中可靠和一致的诊断代码生成的可行性和潜力.
- 通过NLP生成的代码,特别是前5个代码,显示出比手工编码更高的准确性和一致性.
- 未来的研究应该探索与临床遭遇代码相关的诊断代码,以评估成像对患者护理的影响.
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