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食物过敏的历史以及我们今天的位置
1Allergy & Immunology Section, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
The World Allergy Organization journal
|May 27, 2024
概括
食物过敏 (FA) 已经显著发展,诊断,治疗 (如口服免疫疗法) 和预防策略 (如早期食品引入) 的进步. 研究继续改善对FA的理解和管理.
科学领域:
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 食物过敏 (FA) 的认知已经从历史上的否认演变为当前的理解,如食物过敏.
- 1967年免疫球蛋白E (IgE) 的发现将FA分为IgE介导型和非IgE介导型.
- 增加FA的患病率与饮食变化和现代生活方式因素有关,包括卫生假说.
研究的目的:
- 审查食物过敏 (FA) 的历史演变.
- 为了突出FA诊断,治疗和预防的关键里程碑.
- 讨论最近在FA方面的进展和未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 关于食物过敏的历史文献和科学出版物的审查.
- 对诊断进步的分析,包括皮肤刺伤测试,特定IgE (sIgE) 血液测试和细胞激活分析.
- 评估治疗方式,如口服免疫疗法 (OIT),皮肤上免疫疗法和生物药物.
主要成果:
- 诊断工具已经从基本测试发展到复杂的sIgE组件测试和细胞测试.
- 口服免疫疗法 (OIT) 和其他免疫疗法显示出有前途的安全性和有效性,并对某些特定食品进行了一些批准.
- 早期引入过敏性食物 (4-6个月) 是一个关键的预防策略.
结论:
- 食物过敏管理已经取得了显著的进展,改善了诊断和新的治疗方法.
- 持续的研究对于更好地理解和实践食物过敏至关重要.
- 食品过敏研究领域近几十年来出现了大幅增长.
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