在被忽视的青少年中,社会认知的神经解剖学标记
Catalina Trujillo-Llano1,2, Agustín Sainz-Ballesteros3,4,5, Fabián Suarez-Ardila6
1Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Neurobiology of stress
|May 27, 2024
概括
童年忽视显著损害了青少年的社会认知能力,影响了情绪识别,思维理论和同理心. 这些缺陷与大脑结构的变化相关,突出显示了干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 童年忽视影响社会认知,但青少年研究是有限的.
- 在青少年中忽视的社会认知效应的神经解剖相关性研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 评估有过失记录的青少年的社会认知和大脑结构.
- 在被忽视的年轻人中确定社会认知缺陷的神经解剖相关物.
主要方法:
- 在社会认知任务上,与被忽视的青少年 (n=27) 和对照者 (n=25) 进行了比较.
- 利用基于voxel的形态测量来分析灰色物质的相关性.
- 对滥用,执行和智力功能进行控制.
主要成果:
- 被忽视的青少年表现出较差的情境情感识别和思维理论.
- 在被忽视的年轻人中观察到高的嫉妒和Schadenfreude,减少了同情心.
- 社会认知得分与社会处理区域的大脑体积相关.
结论:
- 忽视在多个领域显著影响青少年的社会认知.
- 缺陷独立于滥用和认知功能.
- 这些发现支持针对被忽视的青少年进行有针对性的干预.
相关概念视频
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
53
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
53
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
31
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
31
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
53
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
53
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
48
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
48
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
83
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
83
01:28Conduct Disorder
31
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
31