从可解释到可解释的深度学习,用于医疗保健中的自然语言处理:离现实有多远?
Guangming Huang1, Yingya Li2, Shoaib Jameel3
1School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.
Computational and structural biotechnology journal
|May 27, 2024
概括
在医疗保健自然语言处理 (NLP) 中,可解释和可解释的深度学习 (DL) 对信任至关重要. 这篇评论强调了注意力机制作为关键,确定了全球建模中的挑战,并建议整合可解释AI (XAI) 以改善医疗保健AI.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 医疗保健信息学 医疗保健信息学
背景情况:
- 深度学习 (DL) 显著推进了医疗保健NLP,但需要透明度才能做出可靠的决策.
- 增加DL模型的复杂性需要解释性和解释性.
- 本范围审查侧重于医疗保健NLP中的可解释和可解释的DL.
研究的目的:
- 在医疗保健NLP中对可解释和可解释的DL进行全面的范围审查.
- 引入和定义"可解释和可解释的人工智能" (XIAI) 这个术语.
- 根据功能和范围对模型进行分类,确定当前的趋势和挑战.
主要方法:
- 在医疗保健NLP中对可解释和可解释的DL进行系统的文献搜索.
- 基于功能 (基于模型,输入,输出) 和范围 (本地,全球) 的模型的分类.
- 分析已识别的技术,趋势,挑战和机会.
主要成果:
- 注意力机制是最普遍的新兴可解释AI (IAI) 技术.
- 国际人工智能 (IAI) 的采用正在增长,与可解释AI (XAI) 不同.
- 主要挑战包括对全球建模的有限探索,缺乏最佳实践,以及系统评估不足.
结论:
- 鼓励将XIAI集成到大型语言模型 (LLM) 和较小的特定领域模型中.
- 在医疗保健中采用XIAI需要内部专业知识和与利益相关方的合作.
- 尽管存在挑战,但XIAI为医疗保健中可解释的NLP提供了宝贵的基础.
相关概念视频
Improving Translational Accuracy
2.6K
2.6K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
5.6K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
5.6K
Current Trends in Nursing II
1.2K
Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
1.2K
Health Literacy
4.0K
Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative...
4.0K
Patient-centered Care
2.0K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
2.0K
Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-II
1.4K
An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care. Here are a few more healthcare professionals.
Physical Therapist
A physical therapist (PT) aims to restore function or prevent additional impairment in a patient following an injury or disease. Massage, heat, cold, water, sonar waves, exercises, and electrical stimulation are some treatments used by PTs to treat...
Physical Therapist
A physical therapist (PT) aims to restore function or prevent additional impairment in a patient following an injury or disease. Massage, heat, cold, water, sonar waves, exercises, and electrical stimulation are some treatments used by PTs to treat...
1.4K


