实践是所有教师中最好的 - - 行为编码和情节性未来思维对自闭症谱系障碍的高功能成年人未来记忆表现的影响
Larissa L Faustmann1, Mareike Altgassen1
1Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
概括
自闭症成年人表现出完整的前性记忆 (PM) 性能. 实施编码 (EE) 对每个人都改善了基于时间的PM,而情节性未来思维 (EFT) 并没有显著影响PM.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
背景情况:
- 预期记忆 (PM) 对于日常运作至关重要,涉及记住未来的意图.
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,通常与执行功能 (包括记忆) 的挑战有关.
- 之前对ASD中PM的研究已经产生了混合的结果,需要进一步研究特定的编码策略.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究情节性未来思维 (EFT) 和执行编码 (EE) 对自闭症成年人的前性记忆 (PM) 性能的影响.
- 为了在不同的编码条件下比较自闭症成年人和神经类型对照之间的PM性能.
- 为了确定自闭症个体是否与对照组相比,在PM中表现出特定的差异,特别是在基于时间的任务方面.
主要方法:
- 使用计算机化的德累斯顿早餐任务来评估PM性能.
- 参与者包括72名自闭症成年人和70名神经类型对照,年龄,性别和认知能力相匹配.
- 一个主体之间的设计采用了三个编码条件:情节性未来思维 (EFT),颁布编码 (EE) 和标准指令.
主要成果:
- 在所有编码条件下,自闭症成年人表现出与对照组相比的PM性能.
- 与标准指令相比,启用编码 (EE) 在所有参与者中显著改善了基于时间的PM性能.
- 与标准指令相比,情节性未来思维 (EFT) 在PM性能上没有显著改善.
结论:
- 自闭症成年人拥有完整的基于时间的前性记忆能力.
- 赋能编码成为一种有利的策略,可以在自闭症和神经类型人群中增强基于时间的PM.
- 这些发现有助于理解ASD中的记忆功能,并突出了特定编码技术的潜力.
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