在自闭症儿童中测试标签效应
Sergio Parrillas-Manchón1, Elena Castroviejo2, José V Hernández-Conde3
1Department of Linguistics and Basque Studies, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|May 27, 2024
概括
自闭症儿童没有表现出标签效应,与典型发育儿童不同. 这表明自闭症儿童可能不会像同龄人那样轻易地使用标签来形成概念.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言心理学语言心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 标签效应,即儿童从对象标签中推断出属性,在典型发育 (TD) 个体中已经很成熟.
- TD儿童利用语言标签来形成概念,期望类似的标签对象之间有共同的属性.
- 标签效应对自闭症儿童的适用性,他们可能在处理语言线索方面有所不同,仍然未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症儿童的标签效应的存在和程度.
- 为了确定自闭症儿童是否与TD儿童相似,根据语言标签推断对象属性.
- 通过对自闭症儿童和TD儿童进行标签,评估概念形成的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 格雷厄姆等人的一项研究设计. 在30名自闭症儿童身上进行了复制.
- 参与者被分配到"相同标签"或"不同标签"组.
- 对象执行的目标动作数量是基于与测试对象匹配的听觉反进行测量.
主要成果:
- 这项研究并没有复制证明自闭症儿童标签效应的研究结果.
- 当对象的声音不匹配时",同样的标签"和"不同的标签"组之间没有观察到行动的显著差异.
- 自闭症儿童在"同样标签"条件下没有执行更多的操作,表明对标签效应缺乏敏感性.
结论:
- 与TD儿童相比,自闭症儿童对标签效应的敏感性似乎较小.
- 研究结果表明,自闭症儿童可能不会像TD儿童一样以语言标签为基础形成概念.
- 对于自闭症的干预计划应该考虑在他们的语言社区内通过标签进行概念生成的培训.
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