在初级保健中识别和应对自杀风险因素:一个范围审查
Pooja Saini1, Anna Hunt2, Peter Blaney2
1School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Suicide and Self-Harm Prevention, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK. P.Saini@ljmu.ac.uk.
Journal of prevention (2022)
|May 27, 2024
概括
初级保健从业者可以通过在咨询期间识别和解决自杀风险因素来改善自杀预防. 本系统性审查强调了有效干预和以人为中心的护理的关键主题.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 主要护理医学 医疗保健
背景情况:
- 自杀给英国带来了巨大的经济负担,每人死亡估计为167万英.
- 大多数因自杀而死亡的人在前一年与初级保健医生 (PCP) 有过接触.
- 初级保健机构为早期干预自杀行为提供了关键的机会.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和探索初级保健从业者如何有效地识别和应对自杀风险因素.
- 在初级保健中确定与自杀风险评估和管理相关的关键主题.
主要方法:
- 进行了快速,系统的范围审查.
- 在MedLine,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行了搜索.
- 两位独立审查员应用了资格标准,随后通过提取和分析进行了数据综合.
主要成果:
- 1990年至2020年间发表的42项具有良好的方法质量的研究符合资格标准.
- 六个主要主题出现了:自杀前的初级保健咨询,不披露原因,自杀风险查,员工培训,语言使用和转介途径.
- 审查的重点是识别和应对危险因素,如心理健康不佳,物质滥用和慢性身体状况.
结论:
- 初级保健是战略定位,以解决广泛的自杀风险因素 (生物,身体,心理,社会经济).
- 这些发现可以为在初级保健中开发以人为中心的自杀预防方法提供信息.
- PCP对自杀风险因素的有效识别和应对对于预防自杀和促进福祉至关重要.
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